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Melatonin

Also known as N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine

What it is: Hormone involved in circadian rhythm regulation
What it does: Signals darkness to the brain, helping to regulate sleep onset and circadian timing
Status: Widely used supplement
Evidence: Moderate. Extensive human data.
Uses: Sleep onset; jet lag; circadian support

Caution. Can cause next-day grogginess or vivid dreams; best used at low effective doses.

Summary

Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland that signals night to the brain and helps coordinate circadian rhythms. As a supplement, it is most effective for sleep onset and circadian issues such as jet lag or shift work, rather than as a general sedative. Lower doses taken at the right circadian time often work better than higher, poorly timed doses.

Checked Jul 19, 2026.

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This entry summarises published information in plain language. It is not medical advice, a dosing recommendation or a substitute for a qualified healthcare professional. Many peptides are not approved for human use, and legal status varies by country. Check anything you rely on against primary sources.